Louis Metcalf (February 28, 1905 – October 27, 1981) was an influential American jazz trumpeter, born in Webster Groves, Missouri. Initially trained on drums, he switched to the cornet and played in local bands, including the Knights of Pythias Brass Band and with Charlie Creath in St. Louis. In 1923, Metcalf moved to New York City, engaging with the vibrant jazz scene and collaborating with notable musicians such as Willie "The Lion" Smith, Jelly Roll Morton, Benny Carter, and King Oliver.

In 1926, Duke Ellington recruited Metcalf for his orchestra, where Metcalf's mellow trumpet tone provided a contrast to Bubber Miley's style. After his stint with Ellington, Metcalf led his own bands and joined Fletcher Henderson in the mid-1930s. He also worked with Luis Russell and participated in various ensembles, including the Connie’s Inn Revue Orchestra.

In 1946, Metcalf relocated to Montreal, Canada, where he formed the International Band, pioneering bebop in the region and making the Café Saint-Michel a jazz hub. He returned to New York in 1951 after a drug-related incident and continued to lead small groups. Metcalf released the album "I've Got The Peace Brother Blues" in 1966, showcasing his evolved style.

Despite health challenges from 1968 onwards, Metcalf remained active in music until his death in 1981. He was survived by his wife, Shirley, and their children.