Louis-James Alfred Lefébure-Wély (13 November 1817 – 31 December 1869) was a prominent French organist and composer, known for his significant contributions to the development of the French symphonic organ style. Born in Paris, Lefébure-Wély was the son of Isaac-François-Antoine Lefebvre, an organist who adopted the name Antoine Lefébure-Wely. Displaying musical talent from a young age, he played his father's Mass at the age of eight. After his father's stroke, he deputized for him and eventually succeeded him as the organist of Saint-Roch at fourteen.

Lefébure-Wély studied at the Paris Conservatoire, where he won first prize for organ in 1835. He was closely associated with the renowned organ builder Aristide Cavaillé-Coll, inaugurating many of his new organs. His virtuosic performances were highly regarded, often preferred over those of contemporaries like César Franck. Despite some criticism for his preference for popular operatic styles, Lefébure-Wély knew how to captivate audiences, often performing in bourgeois salons with his family.

In 1847, he moved to the Église de la Madeleine and played at Frédéric Chopin's funeral in 1849, receiving praise for his organ transcriptions of Chopin's works. Awarded the Légion d'honneur in 1850, he was described as an exceptionally talented dandy and a key figure in the organ world of 19th-century France. His legacy includes a manual for harmonium playing and the introduction of the harmonium to Marc Burty. Lefébure-Wély passed away in Paris and was laid to rest in Père Lachaise Cemetery.