Phillips Brooks (December 13, 1835 – January 23, 1893) was an influential American Episcopal clergyman and author, celebrated as one of the greatest preachers of the 19th century. Born in Boston, Massachusetts, Brooks was a member of a prominent Brahmin family. He attended Boston Latin School and Harvard University, graduating in 1855. Brooks initially taught at Boston Latin School before pursuing a religious vocation, studying at the Virginia Theological Seminary.

Ordained in 1859, Brooks served as rector at the Church of the Advent and the Church of the Holy Trinity in Philadelphia. During the Civil War, he was noted for his support of abolition and the enfranchisement of former slaves. In 1869, he became rector of Trinity Church in Boston, where he played a role in designing its iconic building in Back Bay. Brooks' preaching style, characterized by its eloquence and optimism, attracted large audiences, and he was invited to preach at prestigious venues such as Westminster Abbey and the Royal Chapel at Windsor.

In 1891, Brooks was elected Bishop of Massachusetts, a position he held until his death in 1893. He is perhaps best known for writing the lyrics to the Christmas hymn "O Little Town of Bethlehem," inspired by his visit to Bethlehem in 1866. Brooks' legacy includes his contributions to religious thought and his impact on the Episcopal Church. He is commemorated on the Episcopal Church's liturgical calendar on January 23.