Carlos Eduardo Lyra Barbosa (11 May 1933 – 16 December 2023) was a prominent Brazilian singer, composer, and guitarist, renowned for his significant contributions to the bossa nova genre. Born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Lyra was a key figure in the development of bossa nova, a sophisticated fusion of samba, jazz, and classical music that emerged in the late 1950s. He was celebrated for his exquisite melodies and was considered one of the greatest composers of the genre. Antônio Carlos Jobim, a fellow composer, once described him as "singular, without equal."

Lyra's musical journey began in the mid-1950s, with his first song "Menina" being recorded by Sylvia Telles in 1955. He was part of the first generation of bossa nova artists, with his compositions being featured on João Gilberto's landmark album "Chega de Saudade" (1959). Throughout his career, Lyra collaborated with notable lyricists such as Vinicius de Moraes and Ronaldo Bôscoli, creating classics like "Você e eu" and "Maria Moita."

In addition to his musical talents, Lyra was known for his political engagement. He was an outspoken leftist, joining the Communist Party and writing songs with social and political themes, often coding his messages after the 1964 military coup in Brazil. This political stance led to his exile in Mexico City and Los Angeles.

Lyra's charismatic stage presence and rich baritone voice captivated audiences both in Brazil and internationally. He spent two years touring the United States with saxophonist Stan Getz, further popularizing bossa nova. He also contributed to musical films and theater, notably co-writing the musical "Pobre Menina Rica" with Moraes.

Carlos Lyra passed away at the age of 90 in his hometown of Rio de Janeiro, leaving behind a legacy as a pioneering force in bossa nova music and a voice for social change.