Harry Archer (February 21, 1888 – April 23, 1960) was an American composer and orchestra leader, born in Creston, Iowa. He was educated at Michigan Military Academy, Knox College, and Princeton University. Archer was proficient in brass instruments, excluding the French Horn, and was also a skilled pianist. His compositions appeared in plays as early as 1911, with his first full score for the play "Pearl Maiden" in 1912.

Archer led a dance orchestra in Chicago and worked with the Paul Whiteman orchestra, composing for various theater productions. He gained significant success with the Broadway show "Little Jessie James," providing songs and orchestrations, including the hit song "I Love You." Despite this success, subsequent musicals like "Paradise Alley," "My Girl," "Merry Merry," and "Twinkle Twinkle" were only modestly successful. His Broadway career ended with the unsuccessful "Just a Minute" in 1928.

Archer continued composing for off-Broadway productions and recorded popular music for Brunswick Records and Vocalion, achieving several top-20 hits. Despite his contributions to early 20th-century musical theater, Archer did not maintain lasting fame and became obscure after his peak. He passed away in New York City in 1960.