Leonhardt Schröter (c. 1532 – c. 1601) was a notable German Renaissance composer, choirmaster, and librarian. Born in Torgau, Schröter received his early education under the guidance of Johann Walter and continued his studies in Annaberg-Buchholz and at the Meissen ducal school. By 1561, he became the town Kantor in Saalfeld, a position he held until 1571 when he was dismissed due to his Philippist sympathies. He then served as a librarian for the Wolfenbüttel court before being reinstated as Kantor in Saalfeld two years later. Schröter later taught at the Old City School in Magdeburg and eventually became the Kantor at the Alstadt Lateinschule in Magdeburg, his most prestigious role. His death is estimated to have occurred around 1601.

Schröter's compositions include carols, hymns, motets, a passion, psalms, and a Te Deum, created between 1571 and 1587. He is recognized for his contrapuntal skill in part-songs and his use of Reformation polyphony and homophony, particularly in eight-voice double-choir settings. His choral psalm settings are considered significant contributions to the Protestant motet tradition. His work is characterized by a balance of simplicity and grandeur.