Don Deadric Robey (November 1, 1903 – June 16, 1975) was a pioneering African American record label executive, songwriter, and record producer from Houston, Texas. Born to a Jewish mother and an African American father, Robey left school early and pursued various entrepreneurial ventures, including opening nightclubs and amusement parlors in Houston. He eventually became a significant figure in the music industry, founding Peacock Records in 1949 and later acquiring Duke Records, making him the first African American record mogul, preceding Berry Gordy of Motown by a decade.

Robey was known for his controversial business practices, including reputedly using intimidation and disguising the true authorship of songs. Despite this, he played a crucial role in the careers of many rhythm and blues artists in the 1950s and 1960s, signing acts like Clarence “Gatemouth” Brown, Memphis Slim, and Willie Mae “Big Mama” Thornton. He also established Back Beat Records and Sure-Shot Records, further expanding his influence in the music industry.

In 1973, Robey sold his record labels and publishing assets to ABC/Dunhill, remaining a consultant until his death. He was posthumously inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame in 2014, and his contributions to music continue to be celebrated. Don Robey passed away from a heart attack in Houston at the age of 71, leaving behind a lasting legacy in the world of music.