Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis, born Edward F. Davis on March 2, 1922, in New York City, was a prominent American jazz tenor saxophonist known for his distinctive sound that bridged the big band era and the soul jazz movement of the late 1950s and early 1960s. Davis began his career in the late 1930s at Clark Monroe's Uptown House in Harlem, where his playing was rooted in swing and blues, displaying an affinity with the Texas tenor style. In the early 1940s, he played with big bands led by Cootie Williams, Lucky Millinder, Andy Kirk, and Louis Armstrong, while also leading his own small groups.

Davis earned his nickname "Lockjaw" from his habit of biting hard on his saxophone mouthpiece, though other theories exist. He made his mark with Count Basie's band starting in 1952, contributing to its vibrant sound and performing in various lineups through the 1970s. His work with Basie showcased his broad musical range and ability to deliver powerful solos, as heard in tracks like "Flight of the Foo Birds" and "After Supper."

A pioneer of the tenor-and-organ combo, Davis collaborated with organist Shirley Scott from 1955 to 1960, creating a successful and influential sound. His recordings during this period, including the "Cookbook" series, highlighted his blues-based jazz style. Davis also partnered with fellow tenor saxophonist Johnny Griffin in the early 1960s, forming the "Tough Tenors" duo known for their dynamic performances.

Throughout his career, Davis recorded extensively for labels such as Prestige, Riverside, and RCA Victor, and his influence extended to the next generation of saxophonists. He passed away from Hodgkin's lymphoma on November 3, 1986, in Culver City, California, leaving behind a legacy as a quintessential straight-ahead jazz saxophonist.