Eliseo Grenet Sánchez (June 12, 1893 – December 4, 1950) was a prominent Cuban pianist, composer, and arranger known for his significant contributions to Cuban music. Born in Havana, Grenet began studying piano at the age of five and later attended Cuba's National Conservatory. By the age of 12, he was already working as a pianist in silent film theaters. In 1909, he directed the orchestra at the Politeama Habanero theatre.

Grenet was a prolific composer who played a key role in promoting Cuban music internationally. In 1925, he founded a jazz band that performed in Havana's renowned nightclubs, Montmartre and the Jockey Club. His career took a significant turn in 1927 with the premiere of the zarzuela "La Niña Rita, o La Habana de 1830," co-composed with Ernesto Lecuona. The piece included the famous tango-congo "Ay, Mamá Inés," which became a hit and was famously performed by Rita Montaner.

Grenet's political engagement led to his exile from Cuba in 1932 due to his composition "Lamento cubano," which criticized the regime of Gerardo Machado. During his time abroad, he worked in Spain and Paris, where he further developed the conga rhythm and collaborated with notable artists such as Josephine Baker. He also founded the nightclub El Yumurí in New York City and was involved in various musical productions.

Throughout his career, Grenet composed music for stage shows, films, and recorded extensively with major labels like Columbia and Brunswick Records. His work was part of the afrocubanismo movement, and he was instrumental in introducing Cuban rhythms to broader audiences. Grenet's legacy includes a diverse repertoire of zarzuelas, operettas, and popular songs that continue to influence Cuban music today.