The Nuremberg Symphony Orchestra, known in German as the Nürnberger Symphoniker, is a prominent German orchestra based in Nuremberg. Established in 1946 as the Franconia State Orchestra (Fränkisches Landesorchester), its first chief conductor was Erich Kloss. The orchestra gained international recognition in the early 1950s for its recordings of the soundtracks to the films "Quo Vadis" and "Ben Hur" by Miklós Rózsa. In 1963, the orchestra adopted its current name during the dedication of the newly built Meistersingerhalle, which remains its principal concert venue.

In 1993, the orchestra achieved a significant milestone by winning a Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance for their recording of the original theme song on the soundtrack to Disney's animated film "Beauty and the Beast." The orchestra expanded its facilities in 2008 with the addition of the Neuer Musiksaal, a rehearsal and concert hall with a seating capacity of 515, and presents an open-air concert series in the Serenadenhof during the summer.

The Nuremberg Symphony Orchestra has served as the festival orchestra for the Frankonian Summer Festival since 2013 and participates in Europe's largest open-air classical music event, Klassik Open Air. The orchestra has recorded for Bavarian radio and commercial CD labels. Recent chief conductors have included Alexander Shelley (2009-2017) and Kahchun Wong (2018-2022). In February 2022, Jonathan Darlington was announced as the chief conductor, starting with the 2022-2023 season.