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Kenny Clarke
Kenny Clarke, born Kenneth Clarke Spearman on January 9, 1914, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was a pioneering American jazz drummer and bandleader, instrumental in the development of the bebop style. Orphaned at a young age, Clarke began playing drums at the urging of a teacher at his orphanage and turned professional by the age of seventeen. He moved to New York City in 1935, where he began to establish his innovative drumming style. Clarke was a key figure in the bebop movement, particularly noted for his use of the ride cymbal for timekeeping and the bass drum for irregular accents, known as "dropping bombs."

During his career, Clarke played with jazz legends such as Roy Eldridge, Louis Armstrong, and Dizzy Gillespie. He was a house drummer at Minton's Playhouse, a venue crucial to the birth of bebop. After serving in the military from 1943 to 1946, Clarke returned to New York, performing with the Modern Jazz Quartet and on early recordings with Miles Davis. In 1956, he relocated to Paris, where he co-led the Kenny Clarke/Francy Boland Big Band and continued to perform and record with both European and American musicians until his death on January 26, 1985, in Montreuil, France. Clarke's contributions to jazz were recognized with his induction into the DownBeat Jazz Hall of Fame in 1988.
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